"Pakistan" verbs in Swedish
What is "PaKiSTan X" verbs?

There is a group of verbs in the Swedish language, which sometimes are called “Pakistan” verbs. The official grammar name is verb group 2b. Otherwise, there are 5 Swedish verb groups: 1, 2a, 2b, 3 and 4. But there are two practical reasons why “group 2b” is called Swedish Pakistan verbs. The first reason is the 4 letters (-p, –k, -t, -s) in the word “PaKiSTan”. The second reason is a practical reason. It is easier to remember “Pakistan” than to remember group name 2b.
Infinitiv | Grupp | Imperativ | Presens | Preteritum | Supinum | Translation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
tala | 1 | tala | talar | talade | talat | speak |
stänga | 2a | stäng | stänger | stängde | stängt | close |
köpa | 2b | köp | köper | köpte | köpt | buy |
bo | 3 | bo | bor | bodde | bott | live, stay |
skriva | 4 | skriv | skriver | skrev | skrivit | write |
Which verbs are group 2b?
In Swedish, the verb group 2b (PaKiSTan X) are verbs that end with ( -k, -p, -t, -s, x) in the imperative form. A short reminder: The imperative is the verb form used to give commands or instructions. For example, “Speak!“, “Read!“, “Come to språkcafé!”, “Watch the grammar video!”, “Visit Åland!”. So why should you know the 2b group/Pakistan verbs? Swedish verbs which end with ( -k, -p, -t, -s, x) in the imperative form, get -te in the simple past tense, preteritum. It means that you can “predict” the simple past tense of some verbs. As you know, most of the Swedish verbs end with -de in preteritum. There are short verbs ending with -dde, and some irregular verbs.
Now let’s say that you know that “köpa” (to buy) is 2b group (PaKiSTan X), then you know that “köpa” in the imperative is “köp” and in preteritum is “köpte”. Group 2b (PaKiSTan X) includes only verbs whose imperative form ends in a voiceless consonant: -p, -k, -t, -s, or -x, and which take -te in the preteritum.
However, there is a myth or “holy grail” that exists for Swedish teachers, as some books maintain that even Swedish verbs that end with -f in the imperative form belong to group 2b (PaKiSTan X). That rule might be true, yet the only problem is that there are no verbs in the Swedish language that
end with -f in the imperative form. If you find one, please send me an email. You will get a reward.
Here below, you can see some of the 2b group verbs.
Infinitiv | Imperativ | Presens | Preteritum | Supinum | Translation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
köpa | köp | köper | köpte | köpt | to buy |
röka | rök | röker | rökte | rökt | to smoke |
söka | sök | söker | sökte | sökt | to search/apply |
leka | lek | leker | lekte | lekt | to play |
steka | stek | steker | stekte | stekt | to fry |
tycka | tyck | tycker | tyckte | tyckt | to think |
släcka | släck | släcker | släckte | släckt | to extinguish |
klippa | klipp | klipper | klippte | klippt | to cut |
trycka | tryck | trycker | tryckte | tryckt | to press/print |
läsa | läs | läser | läste | läst | to read |
byta | byt | byter | bytte | bytt | to exchange |
möta | möt | möter | mötte | mött | to meet |
stöta | stöt | stöter | stötte | stött | to knock |
växa | väx | växer | växte | växt | to grow |